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COAL PROBLEMS WITH COAL - One quarter of the world’s coal reserves
are found within the United States. Coal is also the workhorse of the
nation’s electric power industry, supplying more than half the
electricity consumed by Americans. Coal is very complicated. COAL TECHNOLOGY - To improve coal for use as a clean energy source. Fluidized-bed combustion –Limestone and dolomite are added during the combustion process to mitigate sulfur dioxide formation. There are 170 of these units deployed in the U.S. and 400 throughout the world.Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) – Heat and pressure are used to convert coal into a gas or liquid that can be further refined and used cleanly. The heat energy from the gas turbine also powers a steam turbine. IGCC has the potential to improve coal’s fuel efficiency rate to 50 percent. Two IGCC electricity generation plants are in operation in the U.S. Flue Gas De sulfurization – Also called "scrubbers," and removes large quantities of sulfur, other impurities and particulate matter from emissions to prevent their release into the atmosphere.Low Nitrogen Oxide (NO x) Burners – Reduce the creation of NOx, a cause of ground-level ozone, by restricting oxygen and manipulating the combustion process. Low NOx burners are now on 75 percent of existing coal power plants
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